动词短语和常用习惯表达（一）

动词短语和常用习惯表达

动词短语是专升本必考内容。在平时的学习中，我们要有意识地去积累这方面的知识，这样才能使学习更高效。掌握好常用的动词短语和习惯表达对于我们做完形和阅读的帮助也很大。

第1讲 常用动词短语（一）

考点1. break相关短语

break down

（机器、车辆）停止运转；（健康、精神）崩溃；（系统、讨论等）出问题；分解

break away

打破陈规，放弃习惯；奋力挣脱 

break out

（战争、疫情、火灾等）爆发

break in/into

破门而入

break up

打碎、分裂；分手

① Let’s break up the whole into parts. 

让我们化整为零。

② You must break away from these old customs. 

你们必须破除这些旧风俗。

③ The dog broke away from its owner and ran away. 

狗挣脱了主人，跑了。 

④ After a long time of hard work，he almost broke down. 

长时间艰苦劳动之后，他的身体几乎垮了。

⑤ Why did the peace talks break down？

为什么和谈失败了？

⑥ This matter will break down in water. 

这种物质在水中会分解。

1. He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead, because the air-conditioning system ______.

A. broke in   B. broke up

C. broke out   D. broke down

2. Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks ______ in disasters.

A. turn down   B. turn out 

C. break down   D. break out

3. — I’ m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have ______.

—So am I. They seemed very happy together when I last saw them.

A. broken up   B. finished up

C. divided up   D. closed up 

4. The computer system ______ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.  

A. broke down   B. broke out 

C. broke up   D. broke in 

5. I was still sleeping when the fire ______, and then it spread quickly.  

A. broke out    B. put out 

C. came out    D. got out   

考点2. call相关短语

call at a place

拜访某地

call on/upon sb. 

拜访或看望某人

call for sth. (sb.)

需要，要求；接（某人）、来取（某物）；喊着要人取来

call off

叫走，转移开；取消，不举行

call on/upon sb. to do sth.

号召某人做某事

call up

(给……)打电话；想起，回忆起

call in

收回，召回

call out

大声喊

① Call your dog off. 把你的狗叫走。

② The match was called off because of bad weather. 

由于天气不好，比赛取消了。

③ This problem calls for careful thought. 

这个问题需要好好想一想。

④ I’ll call for you at seven this evening.

今晚七点我来接你。 

⑤ We call for the package at the post office.

我们到邮局去取包裹。

⑥ The toy company has decided to call in the defective products all over the world.

该玩具公司已决定在全世界范围内召回那些有缺陷的产品。

⑦ They boy called out for help. 那个男孩大声呼救。

6. The Somali robbed frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to______ all nations to take immediate action.

A. fight for  B. apply for C. call on D. wait on

7. It’s the sort of work that ______ a high level of concentration. 

A. calls for   B. makes up 

C. lies in    D. stands for

8. As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village ______scenes of my childhood.  

A. called up    B. called for 

C. called on    D. called in 

考点3. come相关短语

come about

发生（不及物）；（bring about，使发生，及物）

come across 

偶然遇到（ meet with和run into也有这个意思）

come along

进展；一起来

come up with

想出（主意或计划等）

come out

（书、唱片、电影等）出版发行；

（花）开放

come to oneself

苏醒过来（oneself可以省略）

come to realize

开始意识到

come up

（在谈话或会议中）被提及，被讨论

① Things are coming along fine.

事情进展顺利。

② When does their new album come out? 

他们的新唱片什么时候发行？

③ The subject came up at the meeting yesterday.

这个话题昨天在会议上被提及。

9. If you ______ faults but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price.

A. come across   B. care about

C. look for    D. focus upon

10. She ______ an old friend of hers yesterday while she was shopping at the department store.

A. turned down      B. dealt with 

C. took after     D. came across

11. Would you like to ______ with us to the film tonight?

A. come along   B. come off  

C. come across   D. come through

12. —Have you ______ some new ideas?

—Yeah. I’ll tell you later.

A. come about   B. come into 

C. come up with       D. come out with

13. It’s already 10 o’clock I wonder how it _______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip.  

A. came over    B. came out 

C. came about     D. came up

14. His idea of having weekly family meals together, which seemed difficult at first, has ______ many good changes in their lives.

A. got through    B. resulted from

C. turned into    D. brought about

考点4. cut相关短语

cut down/back

减少

cut in

插话；（车从前面突然）插入

cut off

切断、终止（供应、电话等）；

使与外界隔断

cut up

切成碎片

① The government has announced plans to cut back on defence spending by 10% next year. 

政府已宣布计划明年减少防务开支10%。

② I’m trying to cut down on caffeine. 

我在尽力减少咖啡因的服用量。

③ I was just talking to Jane, when Dave cut in (on us / our conversation). 

我正和Jane谈话，这时Dave突然插话进来。

④ Did you see that white car cut in (on us/ in front of us)? 

你看到那辆白色的车突然插入（到我们前面）了吗？

⑤ If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. 

如果这个账单五天内不付，你的液化气供应将会被切断。

⑥ Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. 

许多村庄因为网搜语法通霸大雪与外面隔断。

⑦ He cut the wood up to build a fire.

他把木头破碎来生火。

15. My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking, but at least he has ______.

A. cut out    B. cut down 

C. cut up    D. cut off

16. I was just talking to Margot when Jackson ______.

A. cut in     B. cut down  

C. cut out     D. cut up

考点5. get相关短语

get along/on

（人）相处融洽；（工作）进展……

get down to 

开始认真做某事（to是介词）

get through

结束、完成；成功地联络；通过（考试）；渡过难关（也常用go through, be through）

get away

逃脱；离开

get away with

做成某坏事而未被发觉或处罚

get changed

换衣

get across

使理解，使相信

get over

战胜、克服（困难……）

get together

聚会

get to sb.

使某人受到影响（cause sb. to suffer or be upset）

① How are you getting along/on with your job?

你的工作进展得怎么样？

② She got through her exams without too much trouble.

她没有遇到太大麻烦就通过了考试。

③ I don’t know how I got through the first couple of months after Andy’s death. 

我不知道在安迪死后我是怎样度过前几个月的。

④ The thief got away in the dark.

那个贼趁着黑暗逃脱了。

⑤ If someone commits a murder, he won’t get away with it.

如果一个人犯了谋杀罪，他是不会逃脱惩罚的。

⑥ I wanted to come along, but couldn’t get away. 

我想要一起走，但是走不开。

⑦ We tried to get our point across, but he just wouldn’t listen. 

我们尽力想使他理解我们的意思，但他就是不听。

⑧ The heat was beginning to get to me, so I went indoors.

炎热开始使我感到难受，因此我走进屋里。 

⑨ I know he’s annoying, but you shouldn’t let him get to you. 

我知道他很烦人，但你不应当让他影响你。

17. We’ve just moved into a bigger house and there’s a lot to do. Let’s______ it.

A. keep up with  B. do away with

C. get down to   D. look forward to

18. I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I wasn’t able to ______.

A. get away   B. drop in

C. check out   D. hold on

19. Team leaders must ensure that all members ______ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes.

A. get over   B. look over 

C. take over   D. come over

20. If we can ______ our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.

A. come across   B. get over 

C. come over   D. get off

21. After that, he knew he could ______ any emergency by doing what be could to the best of his ability.

A. get away with  B. get on with 

C. get through   D. get across

22. Hardly could he ______ this amount of work in such a short time. 

A. get through    B. get off 

C. get into     D. get down

23. I tried phoning her office, but I couldn’t______.

A. get along   B. get on 

C. get to    D. get through

24. It’s going to rain. Xiao Feng, will you please help me ______ the clothes on the line?

A. get off    B. get back

C. get in D. get on　　

25. I used to quarrel a lot with my parents, but now we______ fine.

A. look out   B. stay up 

C. carry on   D. get along　

26. —How are you managing to do your work without an assistant?

—Well，I ______somehow.  

A. get along   B. come on

C. watch out     D. set off 

27.  Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you can’t have time to ______ before the party.

A. get changed   B. get change

C. get changing   D. get to change

考点6.  give相关短语

give away

捐赠；泄露（秘密）

give in 

屈服，投降

give out

（机器或身体某部分stop working）停止工作（指人可译作“筋疲力尽”）；用完、用尽；分发（作业、文件、物品）；散布、公布（消息、文件等）

give off/out

发出（气味、热、光等）

give up

放弃（后跟动名词）

① The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it away. 

本打算这个派对秘密准备，但Sharon却泄了密。

② She thinks no one knows how much she likes him, but her face gave her away! 

她认为没有人知道她多么爱他，但她的表情却告诉了我们一切。

③ All machines gave out eventually.

所有的机器最终都停止了运转。

④ Our food supplies gave out.

我们的食物供应已经用完。

⑤ Both the man and the horse gave out after the long ride. 赶了很长一段路后，人马俱乏。

⑥ The government gave out food to people out of work. 政府向失业者分发食品。

⑦ They stood there, giving out the leaflets to the passers-by.

他们站在那里, 向过路人散发传单。

⑧ This milk must be bad, for it is giving off a nasty smell. 牛奶一定变质了，因为它散发出一种令人恶心的气味。

⑨ The sun gives out light and heat to the earth. 太阳向地球发出光和热。

⑩ He gave up teaching only two years ago.  

两年前他才离开教学工作的。 

28. If a person has not had enough sleep, his actions will give him ______during the day.

A. away  B. up  C. in D. back

29. The news of the mayor’s coming to our school for a visit was ______ on the radio yesterday. 

A. turned out   B. found out          C. given out   D. carried out

30. What shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has ______?

 A. given out  B. put out    C. held up   D. used up

考点7. go相关短语

go about

着手做某事（begin to do/deal with sth.），后跟动名词；到处走动

go over

复习；仔细察看

go off

爆炸；（枪、闹铃）响

go red/ mad/ blind/ hungry

go是系动词，“变得”

go ahead (with)

开始(继续)做某事

go through

(法律、计划等)通过，批准；经受（困难）；全面检查

① How can we go about solving this problem? 

我们怎样着手解决这个问题？

② Didn’t you hear your alarm clock going off this morning? 

你没听到你的闹钟今天早上响了吗？

③ We’ve received permission to go ahead with the music festival in spite of opposition from local residents. 

尽管当地居民反对，我们得到允许继续举办音  乐节。

④ I always go over my revision notes just before I go into an exam. 

在考试之前，我总是认真复习我的复习笔记。

⑤ You must go over the instructions of how it works before you use the micro-wave oven. 

在使用微波炉前要先看看它的使用说明。

⑥ I’m going through my wardrobe and throwing out all the clothes I don’t wear any more. 

我全面检查了我的衣柜，网搜语法通霸把我不穿的衣服都拿了出来。

⑦ Remember to go through the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine. 

在把裤子放进洗衣机之前，记着看一下口袋。

31. —Didn’t you have a good time at the party?

—Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to ______ so quickly. 

A. go by    B. go away

C. go out    D. go over

32. —Do you think that housing price will keep ______ in the years to come?

—Sorry, I have no idea. 

A. lifting up   B. going up

C. bringing up   D. growing up

33. Would you please ______this form for me to see if I’ve filled it in right? 

A. take off    B. look after

C. give up    D. go over

34. To get a better grade, you should __________the notes again before the test. 

A. go over   B. get over 

C. turn over   D. take over