2018年河南专升本英语真题阶段测试——阅读10

　  According to the latest research in the' United States of America, men and women talk such different languages that it is like people from two different cultures trying to communicate. Professor Deborah Tannen of Georgetown University, has noticed the difference in the style of boy's and girl's conversations from an early age. She says that little girls' conversation is less definite than boys' and expresses more doubts. Little boys use conversation to establish status with their listeners.

　　These differences continue into adult life, she says. In public conversations, men talk most and interrupt other speakers more. In private conversations, men and women speak in equal amounts—although they say things in a different style. Professor Tannen believes that, for woman, private talking is a way to establish and test intimacy. For men, private talking is a way to explore the power structure of a relationship.

　　Teaching is one job where the differences between men's and women's ways of talking show. When a man teaches a woman, says Professor Tannen, he wants to show that he has more knowledge, and hence more power in conversation. When a woman teaches another woman, however, she is more likely to take a sharing approach and to encourage her student to join in. But Professor Tannen does not believe that women are naturally more helpful. She says women feel they achieve power by being able to help others. Although the research suggests men talk and interrupt people more than women, Professor Tannen says, women actually encourage this to happen because they believe it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship.

　　Some scientists who are studying speech think that the brain is pre?programmed for language. As we are usually taught to speak by women, it seems likely that the brain must have a sexual bias(倾向性) in its programming, otherwise male speech patterns would not arise at all.

41. In the opinion of the writer, women encourage men to talk because_________.

　　A. it will lead to more intimacy and help to establish a relationship

　　B. it will help to establish status with their listeners

　　C. it will help to express more clearly

　　D. it will help to communicate better

42. There are_______in little girls' conversation than in boys'.

　　A. fewer doubts B. more demands　　C. more doubts D. fewer uncertainties

43. Some scientists believe that brain is pre-programmed for language. The word "pre programmed" means_______.

　　A. programmed already B. programmed before one is born

　　C. programmed early D. programmed by women

44. In private conversation, women speak

　　A. the same things as men B. less than men　C. more than men D. as much as men

45. The theme of this article is _______.

　　A. women are naturally more helpful

　　B. men and women talk different languages

　　C. men talk most and interrupt other speakers more

　　D. little girls' conversation is less definite

　　参考答案：1. A  C  B D  B

    It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.

    But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of he middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. it has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America’s literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen flickering（闪烁）at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude（独处的状态）goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, of part-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital.

    Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic（心理的）, and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every facet of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book, as we’ve known it.

46. The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is _____.

A) rather bleak

B) fairly bright

C) very impressive

D) quite encouraging

47. The author’s biggest concern is ____________.

A) elementary school children’s disinterest in reading classics

B) the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.

C) the musical setting American readers require for reading

D) the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class

48. A major problem with most adolescents who can read is ___________.

A) their fondness of music and TV programs

B) their ignorance of various forms of art and literature

C) their lack of attentiveness and basic understanding

D) their inability to focus on conflicting input

49. The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is ____________.

A) to be able to appreciate it and memorize it

B) to analyze its essential features

C) to think it over conscientiously

D) to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value

50. About the future of the arts of reading the author feels ____________.

A) upset

B) uncertain

C) alarmed

D) pessimistic

答案A D C A B