河南专升本英语翻译改错【介词词组】1-5

改错5练

答题步骤：
1、一般来说，做题时千万不要拿起来就改。先花一、两分钟从头到尾通读全文，对文章大致内容有所了解，做到心中有数。
2、然后把重点放在有错误项的标题号行，寻找较容易辩认的语法错误，如主谓不一致、时态、语态使用错误、非谓语动词错误等等。
3、如果错行中不存在上述明显错误，则应查看是否有词语搭配错误，易混词错误、词性错误等等细节错误。
4、如果错行中既不存在语法错误，也不存在词汇错误，则从整体上查看上下文意思是否连贯，连接词是否使用正确，是否有逻辑混乱的现象，如否定句误用成肯定句造成句意不通等。注意：有时没有错项的行对改错很有帮助。
5、找到错误项之后，按要求形式进行改正、删去或增添，并设法找到一个正确项使句子在语法、语义和逻辑上都成立。

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that pronunciation is learnt “naturally” and unconsciously, and orthography is learnt 1__________ deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our speech 2._____________ sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a shock 3.__________when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a voice we 4._________recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something which we almost always know. We begin the natural learning 5.__________of pronunciation long before we start learning to read or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously imitating and 6.____________practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many more hours per every day than we ever have to spend learning even our 7.______________difficult English spelling. This is “natural”, therefore, that our 8.______________speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle; after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding a community 9._______________and giving a sense of 'belonging'. We learn quite early to recognize a “stranger”, someone who speaks with an accent of a different community-perhaps only a few miles far. 10.________________

1. 答案：第二个and → while / whereas / but / yet

2. 答案：with → of

3. 答案：删去out

4. 答案：firstly → first

5. 答案：which → that

6. 答案：went → go

7. 答案：删去per或every

8. 答案：This → It

9. 答案：community ∧ → together

10. 答案：far → away

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar 
period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly 
brought down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought 
the birth rate to a twentieth century height after more than a hundred (1)______
years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” These young (2)_______
adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large 
families that Went for more than two decades and caused a major (3)_______
but temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From 
the 1940S through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate (4)________
and at a younger age than their Europe counterparts.(5)________
Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women on who (6)________
formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the (7)________
divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to 
a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier as well (8)________
as later decades. Since the United States maintained its dubious (9)___________
distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, the 
temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in (10)___________ 
Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and 
homemaker was not abandoned.

1. 答案：height → high

2. 答案：a steady decline → steady decline

3. 答案：went^ for → on或把went改成lasted

4. 答案：high → higher

5. 答案：Europe → European

6. 答案：删去more

7. 答案：把nevertheless 改成also,thus或therefore

8. 答案：that → those

9. 答案：Since → Although / While/though

10. 答案：in → to

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congress
is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to committees - either
standing committees, special committees set for a specific (1)________
purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses. (2)________
Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the (3)________
groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)_________
and to make out detailed studies of issues. (5)_________
There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most (6)_________
committee hearings are open to public and are reported (7)__________
widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers (8)__________
to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.
(9)________
Congressional committees also have the power to compel
testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury
these who give false testimony. (10)_________

1. 答案：set ^for → up

2. 答案：consisted → consisting/composed

3. 答案：in → on

4. 答案：rely ^ outside → on

5. 答案：删去out

6. 答案：its → their

7. 答案：^ public → the

8. 答案：nevertheless → therefore / thus

9. 答案：interests → interest  

10. 答案：these → those

The University as Business
A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investing in common 1________      
stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the 2________
outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of 3________    
business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty 4________        
increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in 5________        
graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one's job prospects, 6________        
the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
in order to make oneself more marketable.
   The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students 7________        
include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
a governance role, and eliminate required courses. 8________         
Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the 9________        
rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the
athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best
athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier
from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,
the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by
agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely
of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best 10________      
customer.

1. 答案：investing – invested

2. 答案：irrespective ∧ - of

3. 答案：those – that

4. 答案：fact ∧ economic – that

5. 答案：in the school － 去掉the

6. 答案：poor – poorer

7. 答案：∧ which － in或把which改成that, 或删去which

8. 答案：eliminate – eliminating

9. 答案：shorten – lessen/reduce/minimize/weaken

10. 答案：discount on – discount to

We use language primarily as a means of communication with

other human beings. Each of us shares with the community in which we

live a store of words and meanings as well as agreeing conventions as    1_______

to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular    2______

message: the English speaker has in his disposal vocabulary and a   3_______

set of grammatical rules which enables him to communicate his       4______

thoughts and feelings, in a variety of styles, to the other English      5_______

speakers. His vocabulary, in particular, both that which he uses actively

and that which he recognizes, increases in size as he grows

old as a result of education and experience.                                6______

But, whether the language store is relatively small or large, the system

remains no more, than a psychological reality for tike inpidual, unless

he has a means of expressing it in terms able to be seen by another     7_______

member of his linguistic community; he bas to give tile system a

concrete transmission form. We take it for granted rice’ two most     8_______

common forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by our

vocal organs (speech) or by visual signs (writing). And these are     9______

among most striking of human achievements.                           10_______

　　1. 答案：agreeing – agreed

2. 答案：∧words – these

3. 答案：in his disposal – at his disposal.

4. 答案：enables – enable

5. 答案：the other English speakers – other English speakers

6. 答案：old – older

7. 答案：seen – understood

8. 答案：删去it

9. 答案：And – But/Yet/However/Nevertheless

10. 答案：most – the most

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